Pressure State and Impact Conclusion

Existing response policies

To protect air environment in Vietnam, the essential policies and programs were implemented as follows:

- Implement environmental impact assessment for all projects of socio-economic development; effective control of pollution in all operating enterprises; treat thoroughly industrial facilities generating serious pollution (renovate technologies, invest waste treating equipment, shift products, move or even close these facilities); develop clean production technologies.

- By Prime Minister instruction N^o24/2000/CT-TTg, dated 23 November 2000, from 01 July 2001 Vietnam will start using petrol without lead instead of using lead-added petrol for vehicles. 

- Raise efficiency of energy use, efficiency of electric generation in thermoelectric plants as well as energy use efficiency of all electric equipment. Develop use of liquid gas fuel and light oil instead of coal and heavy oil having high content of sulphur. Develop use of biogas in rural areas, and develop use of cleaner energies (wind, solar energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy).

- Implement actively programs of reforestation, forest expansion, green recovery and barren hills, so that 45% of the total land area is covered by forest by the year 2010. Develop growing of trees inside urban areas and along traffic lines within country.

- Implement National Program of mitigating “greenhouse” gases, as well as National Program for eliminating substances that deplete the ozone layer.

Alternative response policies

-  Establishing National and local Clean Air Act with cost of 50,000 USD for preparing act, which the NEA and DoSTEs will implement.

-   From 2001 to 2005, it should be needed to establish more 10 automatic air monitoring stations, 2 mobile air monitoring stations and 2 environmental analytic laboratory in Urban and Industrial areas with a total government funds of around 4 million USD. This will be implemented by NEA.

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